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Research, development and promotion of new and efficient agricultural machinery to build a strong agricultural machinery country

research, development and promotion of new and efficient agricultural machinery to build a strong agricultural machinery country

China Construction machinery information

the 2014 government work report pointed out that the fourth key work of this year is to "promote the development of agricultural modernization and rural reform", requiring "research, development and promotion of a number of new and efficient agricultural machinery". At present, China is in a critical period of transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, which is also an important strategic opportunity for the development of agricultural machinery industry. International capital is accelerating the entry, and the development speed of agricultural machinery in China is significantly accelerated. In recent years, the total output value of China's agricultural machinery industry has maintained an average annual growth rate of more than 20%. Although China's agricultural machinery research and development and industrial round head hammering have experienced decades of development, large, efficient and complex agricultural equipment and core components still rely on imports, and intelligent and precision operation products are missing. "R & D and promotion of a number of new and efficient agricultural machinery" has a long way to go

first, China has become a big country in agricultural machinery industry

(I) the demand for agricultural machinery has increased rapidly

in recent years, the global production of agricultural machinery has developed rapidly, and the agricultural machinery market in most large agricultural machinery manufacturing countries has maintained a high level. In 2013, the total output value of global agricultural machinery was about 96 billion euros. The gross domestic product of China's agricultural machinery industry exceeded 300billion yuan for the first time in 2012, surpassing the European Union and the United States and becoming the world's largest agricultural machinery manufacturing country. In 2013, China's agricultural machinery industry enterprises achieved a main business income of 338.442 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.9%, and the total profit reached 21.248 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 11.23%. Various economic benefit indicators continued to maintain high-speed growth

since the introduction of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies in 2004, China's agricultural machinery industry has gone through a golden decade. The transformation and upgrading of modern agricultural production mode has brought great opportunities for the development of agricultural machinery. According to the current growth rate of the industry, the total output value is expected to exceed 450 billion yuan by 2015

(II) capital accelerates its entry into the field of agricultural machinery

China's agricultural mechanization and agricultural machinery industry are facing unprecedented opportunities. First, mergers and acquisitions are becoming hot, and international capital is accelerating its entry into China. Deere, NEWHOLLAND, Mahinda, AGCO, etc. have accelerated or are accelerating the pace of mergers and acquisitions of China's high-quality agricultural machinery enterprises in industries limited by raw material supply. AGCO, Gran, reken, greemo, etc. have built factories in China. In July, 2013, krass group of Germany acquired Shandong Jinyi Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., and all the world's five agricultural machinery giants settled in China. Secondly, domestic construction machinery and automobile industry capital have actively entered the field of agricultural machinery. Foton Heavy Industry has established agricultural machinery manufacturing bases in Northeast China and China YITUO Group in Northeast China and Xinjiang. Chery group has established tractor and paddy field machinery manufacturing bases in the central and southern regions. Zoomlion (000157, Guba) said that it should actively carry out strategic layout for the agricultural machinery sector, and JAC power (000816, Guba), an upstream enterprise of agricultural machinery, has also recently made clear the positioning of its main focus on agricultural machinery and equipment. Third, domestic capital has also accelerated the pace of mergers and acquisitions and investment in agricultural machinery enterprises. For example, Shandong Wuzheng acquired Shantuo Agricultural Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd. many agricultural machinery expansion projects under construction are domestic capital investment

(III) industrial clusters with different characteristics have been formed.

regional advantages and industrial cluster effects are prominent, and industrial clusters with different characteristics have been formed in Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places. Shandong Agricultural machinery industry is concentrated in Weifang, Yantai, Zaozhuang, Jinan and other places, mainly producing tractors, low-speed cars, combine harvesters and so on. The agricultural machinery industry in Henan Province is concentrated in Luoyang, Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Xinxiang, Xuchang and other places, mainly producing large and medium-sized tractors and supporting agricultural machinery, low-speed cars, etc. The agricultural machinery industry in Jiangsu Province is concentrated in Changzhou, Danyang, Lianyungang (601008, Guba), Yancheng and other places, mainly producing agricultural diesel engines, paddy field tractors, combine harvesters, etc. The agricultural machinery industry in Zhejiang Province is concentrated in Huzhou, Taizhou, Xinchang and other places, mainly producing rice harvesting pressure, plant protection machinery, agricultural water pumps, tea machines and so on

(IV) subsidy funds for the purchase of agricultural machinery continued to increase

the expenditure of the central government on "agricultural machinery subsidies" increased from 70million yuan in 2004 to 21.75 billion yuan in 2013. The total amount has increased by more than 300 times, with an average annual growth of about 180%, which is about 160 percentage points higher than the average annual growth of the investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers in the same period. The proportion of the central government's "agricultural machinery subsidies" in the investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers has increased from 0.03% to 17.5%. The total amount of the first batch of agricultural machinery financial subsidies issued by the central government in 2014 was about 17billion yuan. At present, China's subsidy standard is 30% of the price, the single machine limit is no more than 50000 yuan, and the maximum subsidy for large agricultural machinery can reach 300000 yuan. The subsidy rate of agricultural machinery purchase in foreign developed countries is 60%, and that in Japan and South Korea is 50%. In addition, there are policy preferential loans. It can be seen that there is still a lot of room to improve the subsidy of agricultural machinery purchase in China

II. The performance of China's agricultural machinery industry is large but not strong

(I) there is a gap in product types and performance between China and developed countries

there is a gap in product types and performance between China and developed countries. Developed countries have achieved full mechanization of agricultural production, while many large and medium-sized products with high production efficiency and technical content in China cannot be produced and rely on imports for a long time. At the same time, small and medium-sized low-end products have excess capacity and vicious competition is serious. The product structure is relatively simple. Domestic products only cover traditional large machinery such as power components (diesel gasoline engine, gearbox), agricultural vehicles, combine harvesters, machine tillage equipment, etc. In addition, the reliability of milling processing of agricultural machinery products in China is not satisfactory, and the average time between failures of major agricultural machinery products can only reach about 1/3 of similar foreign products. The management of parts production and sales is chaotic, and inferior products flood the market, making the problem of poor reliability of agricultural machinery more serious

(II) the industry structure needs to be improved

in recent years, with the rapid growth of the demand for agricultural machinery, many enterprises have invested funds in the field of agricultural machinery, and a large number of short-term profit-making assembly enterprises have emerged, exposing problems such as the lack of entry threshold of the industry, the inability to guarantee product quality, the weak driving force of industrial technological innovation (310328, fund bar), and homogeneous vicious competition among enterprises. A number of leading enterprises and groups with strong international competitiveness and high market share have not been formed, there are too few domestic agricultural machinery brands and too many miscellaneous brands, large enterprises are not strong, small enterprises are not specialized, and new and efficient agricultural machinery products are missing

(III) the parts industry has developed rapidly, but the low-end products

in 2012, the number of Enterprises above the scale of agricultural machinery parts in China reached 316, an increase of 37 over the previous year, and the parts enterprises accounted for 17% of agricultural machinery enterprises. The output value of parts and components ranks fourth among the 12 sub industries of agricultural machinery industry, and the growth rate is higher than that of the whole agricultural machinery industry. However, the market share and manufacturing capacity of domestic parts and components enterprises are still mostly concentrated on low-end products, and the problems of lack of independent brands and weak power of parts and components technology development are widespread

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